Polyols: Alaabada Cayriin ee Ujeeddooyin Badan leh ee loogu talagalay Codsiyada Warshadaha iyo Macaamiisha
Goobaha Codsiga ee ugu Muhiimsan
Warshadaha kiimikada, polyols-ku waa walxo muhiim u ah soo saarista agabyada miisaanka sare leh ee molecular-ka sida polyester-yada, polyether-yada, iyo polyurethanes-ka. Tusaale ahaan, ethylene glycol waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro polyethylene terephthalate (PET), oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo dhalooyinka iyo fiilooyinka balaastikada ah. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro surfactants iyo saliido kala duwan. Intaa waxaa dheer, polyols-ku waxay u dhaqmi karaan sidii dareere si ay u milmaan noocyo kala duwan oo iskudhisyo dabiici ah, taasoo kor u qaadaysa hufnaanta falcelinta.
Warshadaha dawooyinka, polyols-ka waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa sidii dareereyaal, balaastig-sameeyayaal, iyo humectants. Tusaale ahaan, propylene glycol iyo glycerol ayaa si caadi ah loogu isticmaalaa diyaarinta duritaanka, dareeraha afka laga qaato, iyo boomaatooyin si loo hagaajiyo milmida daawada iyo xasilloonida. Intaa waxaa dheer, polyols-ka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro qaacidooyin daawo oo la xakameeyay, iyadoo la nidaaminayo heerka sii deynta daawooyinka.
Warshadaha cuntada, polyols waxaa loo isticmaalaa macaaneeye, qoyaan-qaadayaal, iyo emulsifiers. Tusaale ahaan, glycerol iyo polyethylene glycol waxaa loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista macmacaanka, alaabta la dubay, iyo cabitaannada, taasoo siinaysa macaan iyo qoyaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, polyols waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu hagaajiyo qaab-dhismeedka iyo dareenka afka cuntada, taasoo kordhinaysa cimrigeeda.
Warshadaha qurxinta iyo daryeelka maqaarka, polyols-ka waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa sidii walxaha qoyaanka iyo emulsifiers. Tusaale ahaan, propylene glycol iyo glycerol waxay nuugi karaan qoyaanka, iyagoo maqaarka iyo timaha ka ilaalinaya qoyaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, polyols-ka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista muraayadaha qorraxda, shaambooyada, iyo qaboojiyeyaasha, iyagoo bixiya saameyn qoynaya oo saliideynaya.
Warshadaha balaastikada, polyols waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii balaastigeeye si loo xoojiyo dabacsanaanta iyo habaynta balaastikada. Tusaale ahaan, glycerol iyo polyethylene glycol waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii balaastigeeye polyvinyl chloride (PVC), taasoo hagaajinaysa dabacsanaanteeda iyo cimri dhererkeeda. Intaa waxaa dheer, polyols waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro balaastikada baaba'aysa, taasoo yaraynaysa saameynta deegaanka.
Warshadaha dahaarka iyo khadku, polyols waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii dareereyaal iyo emulsifiers. Waxay milmi karaan noocyo kala duwan oo resins iyo midabyo ah, iyagoo siinaya sifooyin wanaagsan oo sameynta filimada ah. Tusaale ahaan, polyethylene glycol waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro dahaarka iyo khad ku salaysan biyaha, iyadoo la bixinayo xalal deegaanka u fiican oo hufan.
Tilmaamaha
| Magaca Badeecada | Polyester Polyols | |||||||||
| Muuqaalka | Dareere adag ama midab la'aan ilaa huruud khafiif ah | |||||||||
| Miisaanka Molekulerka | 500-5000 g/mol | |||||||||
| Barta Karkarinta | >200 | |||||||||
| Nadiifnimo | 98%, 99.5% | |||||||||
| Cufnaanta | 1.10-1.15 | |||||||||
| Koodhka HS | 3907910000 | |||||||||
| Codsiga | Dahaarka Polyurethane, khad; kabaha cagaha, shaabadaha, taayirada | |||||||||
Xaashida Xakamaynta Tayada
| Magaca Badeecada | Polyester Polyols | ||||||
| SHAYGA | Heerka Caadiga ah | Natiijo | |||||
| Karooma (APHA) | ≤30 | 11 | |||||
| Viscosity at 25℃ (mPas) | 1100-1500 | 1296 | |||||
| Biyaha ku jira (%) | ≤0.08 | 0.017 | |||||
| Qiimaha Haydroxyl (mgKOH/g) | 32.5-35.5 | 34.2 | |||||
| Qiimaha Aashitada (meKOH/s) | ≤0.08 | 0.029 | |||||
| Qiimaha pH | 5.0-7.5 | 6.7 | |||||
| K+(mgkg) | ≤5 | 1.0 | |||||
| Gunaanad | Takhasuska u qalma | ||||||
Marka la soo koobo
Marka la soo koobo, polyols-ka, oo ah walxo muhiim ah oo kiimiko dabiici ah, waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan warshado badan. Kaliya ma kordhiyaan waxqabadka wax soo saarka iyo tayada laakiin waxay sidoo kale taageeraan horumarinta warshadaha casriga ah. Iyadoo la raacayo horumarka tignoolajiyada ee joogtada ah, rajada codsiga ee polyols-ka ayaa sii ballaaran doonta.